Gateway Ultra2 User Manual

ADAC Ultra2 S466Single Ended and Low-Voltage Differential SCSIPCI RAID ControllerHardware Guide8503624 A MAN US ADAC U2 S466 GDE R08/14/98

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware GuidexPhysical Device LayoutChannel 1Target IDDevice TypeLogical Drive Number/ Drive NumberManufacturer/Model NumberFirmware

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide8668-Pin High Density Connectors, ContinuedConverting Internal Wide to Internal Non-Wide (Type 2) The cableassembly for

Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors8768-Pin High Density Connectors, ContinuedConverting Internal Wide to Internal Non-Wide (Type 30) The cableas

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide8868-Pin High Density Connectors, ContinuedConverting from Internal Wide to Internal Non-Wide (Type 3) The cableassembl

Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors89High-Density 68-Pin SCSI Connector PinoutSignal ConnectorPinCablePinCablePinConnectorPinSignalGround 1 1 2 3

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide9068-Pin SCSI Connector Pinout, ContinuedHigh-Density Single Ended Connector The following applies to the high-density

Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors9168-Pin Connector Pinout for LVD SCSISignal ConnectorPinCablePinCablePinConnectorPinSignal+DB(12) 1 1 2 35 -D

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide92

Appendix B Audible Warnings93B Audible WarningsThe ADAC Ultra2 S466 RAID controller has an onboardtone generator that indicates events and errors.T

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide94

Index 95Index668-Pin High Density Connectors,85AADAC BIOS, 35ADACASPI.SYS, 70ADACDROM.SYS, 71AMPLIMITE .050 Series connectors,92ASPI Driver Error Mess

PrefacexiChannel 1Manufacturer/Model NumberFirmware levelTarget IDDevice TypeLogical Drive Number/ Drive NumberManufacturer/Model NumberFirmware level

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide96GGWC, 90HHardware Installation, 53Hardware Requirements, 30High-Density 68-Pin SCSIConnector and P-CableSingle-Ended

Index97Configuring, 10RAID Levels, 19RAID Levels Supported, 34RAID Management, 38Ready, 16Rebuild, 16, 37Rebuild Rate, 14Rebuilding a disk, 14Reconnec

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide98

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware GuidexiiPreface, ContinuedDisclaimer This manual describes the operation of the Gateway ADACUltra2 S466 Disk Array Controlle

PrefacexiiiFCC Regulatory StatementThis device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject tothe following two conditions: (1) this d

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware GuidexivDisclaimerGateway only certifies that this product will work correctly when thisproduct is used with the same jumper

Chapter 1 Overview11 OverviewThe ADAC Ultra2 S466 PCI RAID controller is a highperformance intelligent PCI-to-SCSI host adapter withRAID control ca

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide2Single Ended and Differential SCSI BusesThe SCSI standard defines two electrical buses:• a single ended bus and• low

Chapter 1 Overview3DocumentationThe ADAC Ultra2 S466 documentation set includes:Using ADAC Ultra2 S466 Manuals This manual contains the RAIDovervie

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide4ADAC Ultra2 S466 Block Diagram

Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID52 Introduction to RAIDRAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is an arrayof multiple independent hard disk drive

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guideii© Copyright 1998 Gateway, Inc.All rights reserved.This publication contains proprietary information which is protecte

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide6In This ChapterThe following topics are discussed:Major Topic Subtopic turn toHost-based solution page 7RAID overview

Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID7ADAC Ultra2 S466 – Host-Based RAID SolutionRAID products are either:• host-based or• SCSI-to-SCSI.The ADAC Ultra2

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide8RAID OverviewRAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) is acollection of specifications that describe a system foren

Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID9Disk StripingDisk striping writes data across multiple disk drives insteadof just one disk drive. Disk striping invo

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide10Disk SpanningDisk spanning allows multiple disk drives to function likeone big drive. Spanning overcomes lack of disk

Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID11Disk MirroringWith mirroring (used in RAID 1), data written to one diskdrive is simultaneously written to another d

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide12ParityParity generates a set of redundancy data from two or moreparent data sets. The redundancy data can be used tor

Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID13Hot SparesA hot spare is an extra, unused disk drive that is part of thedisk subsystem. It is usually in standby mo

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide14Disk RebuildYou rebuild a disk drive by recreating the data that hadbeen stored on the drive before the drive failed.

Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID15Logical DriveA logical drive is a partition in a physical array of disksthat is made up of contiguous data segments

ContentsiiiTable of Contents1 Overview ...1Single Ended and Differential SCSI Buses ...

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide16SCSI Drive StatesA SCSI disk drive can be in one of these states:State DescriptionOnline(ONLIN)The drive is functioni

Chapter 2 Introduction to RAID17Disk Array TypesThe RAID disk array types are:Type DescriptionSoftware-BasedThe array is managed by software runnin

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide18

Chapter 3 RAID Levels193 RAID LevelsThere are six official RAID levels (RAID 0 through RAID5). ADAC Ultra2 S466 supports RAID levels 0, 1, 3, and5.

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide20Selecting a RAID LevelLevel Description andUsePros Cons Max.DrivesFaultTolerant0 Data divided inblocks anddistributed

Chapter 3 RAID Levels21RAID 0RAID 0 provides disk striping across all drives in theRAID subsystem. RAID 0 does not provide any dataredundancy, but

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide22RAID 1In RAID 1, ADAC Ultra2 S466 duplicates all data fromone drive to a second drive. RAID 1 provides completedata r

Chapter 3 RAID Levels23RAID 3RAID 3 provides disk striping and complete dataredundancy though a dedicated parity drive. The stripe sizemust be 64 K

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide24RAID 3, ContinuedRAID 5 vs RAID 3 You may find that RAID 5 is preferable to RAID 3 evenfor applications characterized

Chapter 3 RAID Levels25RAID 5RAID 5 includes disk striping at the byte level and parity.In RAID 5, the parity information is written to severaldriv

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware GuideivSoftware Utilities...33Operating System Software Dri

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide26RAID 10RAID 10 is a combination of RAID 0 and RAID 1. RAID10 has mirrored drives. RAID 10 breaks up data intosmaller

Chapter 3 RAID Levels27RAID 30RAID 30 is a combination of RAID 0 and RAID 3. RAID30 provides high data transfer speeds and high datareliability. RA

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide28RAID 50RAID 50 provides the features of both RAID 0 and RAID5. RAID 50 includes both parity and disk striping acrossm

Chapter 4 Features294 ADAC Ultra2 S466 FeaturesADAC Ultra2 S466 is a family of high performanceintelligent PCI-to-SCSI host adapters with RAID cont

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide30Hardware RequirementsADAC Ultra2 S466 can be installed in an IBM AT®-compatible or EISA computer with a motherboard t

Chapter 4 Features31Hardware Architecture FeaturesThe ADAC Ultra2 S466 hardware architecture featuresinclude:Specification FeatureProcessor Intel i

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide32RAID Management FeaturesThe ADAC Ultra2 S466 RAID management featuresinclude:Specification FeatureSupport for SNMP Ye

Chapter 4 Features33Software UtilitiesThe ADAC Ultra2 S466 software utility features include:Specification FeatureGraphical user interface YesManag

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide34ADAC Ultra2 S466 SpecificationsParameter SpecificationCard Size 7.375" x 4.2" (half length PCI)Processor In

Chapter 4 Features35PCI Bridge/CPUADAC Ultra2 S466 uses the Intel i960RP PCI bridge withan embedded 80960JF RISC processor running at 33 MHz.The RP

ContentsvStep 11 Run ADAC BIOS Setup...70Step 12 Install Operating System Driver...

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide36Onboard SpeakerThe ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller has an onboard tonegenerator for audible warnings when system errors o

Chapter 4 Features37SCSI ConnectorsADAC Ultra2 S466 has two types of SCSI connectors:• a 68-pin high density internal connector and• a 68-pin ext

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide38RAID ManagementRAID management is provided by software utilities thatmanage and configure the RAID system and ADAC Ul

Chapter 4 Features39Fault-Tolerance FeaturesThe ADAC Ultra2 S466 fault-tolerance features are:• automatic failed drive detection,• automatic fail

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide40CompatibilityADAC Ultra2 S466 compatibility issues include:• server management,• SCSI device compatibility, and• s

Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S466415 Configuring ADAC Ultra2S466Configuring SCSI Physical DrivesSCSI Channel Physical SCSI drives must be orga

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide42Current ConfigurationSCSI ID Device Description Termination?SCSI Channel 1012345689101112131415Logical Drive Configur

Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S46643Physical Device LayoutChannel 1Target IDDevice TypeLogical Drive Number/ Drive NumberManufacturer/Model Num

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide44Channel 1Manufacturer/Model NumberFirmware levelTarget IDDevice TypeLogical Drive Number/ Drive NumberManufacturer/Mo

Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S46645Configuring ArraysOrganize the physical disk drives in arrays after the drivesare connected to ADAC Ultra2

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide46Configuration StrategiesThe most important factors in RAID array configurationare: drive capacity, drive availability

Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S46647Configuration Strategies, ContinuedMaximizing Drive Availability You can maximize the availability of data

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide48Assigning RAID LevelsOnly one RAID level can be assigned to each logical drive.The drives required per RAID level is:

Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S46649Optimizing Data StorageData Access Requirements Each type of data stored in the disk subsystemhas a differ

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide50Planning the Array ConfigurationAnswer the following questions about this array:Question AnswerNumber of physical dis

Chapter 5 Configuring ADAC Ultra2 S46651Array Configuration PlannerNumber ofDrivesPossibleRAID LevelsRelativePerformanceFaultToleranceEffectiveCapa

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide52

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation536 Hardware InstallationRequirements You must have the following:• a ADAC Ultra2 S466 Controller,• a host computer

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide54Installation StepsADAC Ultra2 S466 provides extensive customizationoptions. If you need only basic ADAC Ultra2 S466fe

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation55Step 1 UnpackUnpack and install the hardware in a static-freeenvironment. The ADAC Ultra2 S466 controller card isp

Preface viiPrefaceThe ADAC Ultra2 S466 PCI RAID Controller supports all singleended and low-voltage differential (LVD) SCSI devices on anUltra and Wid

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide56Step 4 Install Cache MemoryImportantA minimum of 4 MB of cache memory is required. The cachememory must be installed

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation57Step 4 Install Cache Memory, ContinuedSupported Cache Memory ConfigurationsCache Bank0 (Even)4 MB Single-sided 1 M

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide58Step 5 Set JumpersMake sure the jumper settings on the ADAC Ultra2 S466card are correct. The jumpers and connectors a

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation59Step 5 Set Jumpers, ContinuedJ1 Termination Enable J1 is a three-pin header that specifies hardware orsoftware co

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide60Step 5 Set Jumpers, ContinuedJ8, J9 J8 and J9 are 3-pin jumpers. The factory setting is Pins 1-2shorted. Pins 1-2 sho

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation61Step 6 Set TerminationYou must terminate the SCSI bus properly. Set terminationat both ends of the SCSI cable. The

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide62SCSI TerminationThe SCSI bus is an electrical transmission line and it mustbe terminated properly to minimize reflect

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation63SCSI Termination, ContinuedTerminating External Disk Arrays In most array enclosures, the end of theSCSI cable ha

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide64SCSI Termination, ContinuedConnecting Non-Disk SCSI Devices SCSI Tape drives, scanners, CD-ROM drives, and other non

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation65Step 7 Install ADAC Ultra2 S466Choose a 5 V PCI slot and align the ADAC Ultra2 S466controller card bus connector t

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware GuideviiiPreface, ContinuedPackage Contents You should have received:• a ADAC Ultra2 S466 PCI RAID Controller,• a ADAC Ult

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide66Step 8 Connect SCSI CablesConnect SCSI cables to SCSI devices. ADAC Ultra2 S466provides two SCSI connectors: J2, the

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation67Step 8 Connect SCSI Cables, ContinuedCable Suggestions System throughput problems can occur if SCSI cable useis no

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide68Device Identification on ADAC Ultra2 S466All logical drives on each SCSI bus are identified to thehost as ID 0. Diffe

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation69Step 10 Power UpReplace the computer cover and reconnect the AC powercords. Turn power on to the host computer. Se

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide70Step 11 Run ADAC BIOS SetupPress <Ctrl> <M> to run the ADAC BIOS Setup utility.See the ADAC Ultra2 S466 C

Chapter 6 Hardware Installation71Step 12 Install Operating System Driver, ContinuedCD-ROM Driver A device driver is provided with ADAC Ultra2 S466

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide72SummaryThis chapter discussed hardware installation. Configure theRAID system via software configuration utilities. S

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting737 TroubleshootingProblem Suggested SolutionThe system hangs during the bootprocess after installation.Make sure the SCSI

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide74Problem Suggested SolutionFirmware Initializing...appears and remains on the screen.Make sure that TERMPWR is being p

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting75BIOS Boot Error MessagesMessage Problem Suggested SolutionAdapter BIOS Disabled.No Logical DrivesHandled by BIOSThe ADAC

PrefaceixADAC Ultra2 S466 Problem Report FormCustomer Information ADAC Ultra2 S466 InformationName Today’s DateCompany Date of PurchaseAddress Invoice

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide76Message Problem Suggested SolutionX Logical DrivesDegradedx number of logical drivessigned on in a degradedstate.Make

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting77Other BIOS Error MessagesMessage Problem Suggested SolutionFollowing SCSIdisk not foundand no emptyslot available formap

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide78DOS ASPI Driver Error MessagesMessage Corrective ActionGateway Inc. ASPI Managerhas NOT been loaded.The ASPI manager

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting79Other Potential ProblemsTopic InformationDOS ASPI ADACASPI.SYS, the DOS ASPI manager, uses 6 KB ofsystem memory once it

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide80Topic InformationSCSI BusRequirementsThe ANSI specification dictates the following:The maximum signal path length bet

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting81Topic InformationWindows NTInstallationWhen Windows NT is installed via a bootable CD, thedevices on the ADAC Ultra2 S46

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide82

Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors83A SCSI Cables andConnectorsSCSI ConnectorsADAC Ultra2 S466 provides several different types ofSCSI connector

ADAC Ultra2 S466 Hardware Guide8468-Pin High Density Connectors, ContinuedCable Assembly for Internal Wide SCSI Devices The cable assembly forconnecti

Appendix A SCSI Cables and Connectors8568-Pin High Density Connectors, ContinuedConnecting Internal and External Wide Devices The cable assembly f